AP Human Geography: 300 Flashcards for Term Review
In this course, a term only sticks when you can tie it to a real place and explain why it matters.
카드 300장
수록 카드 30장 보기
전체 300장 중 30장을 발췌해 보여 주고 있습니다.
| 앞면 | 뒷면 |
|---|---|
| Gall-Peters projection — what is it? | An equal-area world projection that keeps relative size accurate but stretches shapes, especially near the equator and poles. It helps compare land area more fairly when size matters more than shape. |
| Raster data — what is it? | Geographic data stored as a grid of cells or pixels, with each cell holding a value. It is useful for analyzing continuous surfaces such as temperature, elevation, vegetation, or land cover. |
| Arithmetic density — what is it? | The total population divided by total land area. It compares overall crowding across places, but it can hide how much land is actually usable. |
| Refugee — what is it? | A person outside their home country who cannot safely return because of a well-founded fear of persecution. It identifies who may qualify for protection under international law. |
| Residential density — what is it? | The number of people living on a unit of residential land, usually excluding nonresidential space. It helps compare urban form, crowding, and infrastructure demand within and between cities. |
| Sex ratio — what is it? | The number of males per 100 females in a population. It helps interpret migration streams, cultural preferences, and future family formation patterns. |
| Universalizing religion — what is it? | A religion that seeks converts and aims to be open to all people. It helps explain wide spatial spread and cross-cultural membership. |
| Pidgin language — what is it? | A simplified contact language used for limited communication between groups without a shared tongue. It helps explain trade and colonial interaction where many languages meet. |
| Religious hearth — what is it? | The area where a religion began and from which it later spread. It helps explain spatial origins, early sacred places, and diffusion routes. |
| Built environment — what is it? | The human-made surroundings, structures, and infrastructure that reflect how a society lives and works. It helps explain how culture becomes visible on the landscape and changes over time. |
| Vernacular architecture — what is it? | A local building style shaped by tradition, climate, and nearby materials rather than a universal design model. It helps explain how culture and environment leave visible regional differences on the landscape. |
| Proto-language — what is it? | A reconstructed ancestral language from which a family or branch of later languages developed. It helps geographers infer migration paths and locate probable language hearths. |
| Federalism — what is it? | A system that divides governing power between a national authority and regional units. It helps explain regional policy differences and why large diverse states can stay together. |
| Consequent boundary — what is it? | A boundary drawn after settlement to reflect existing cultural patterns such as language or religion. It helps explain why some borders try to follow human differences rather than ignore them. |
| First Agricultural Revolution — what is it? | The shift from hunting and gathering to settled crop cultivation and animal domestication. It explains the rise of permanent villages, food surpluses, and early population growth. |
| Metes and bounds — what is it? | A survey system that defines land by natural features, landmarks, and compass directions. It explains irregular property shapes and winding boundaries. |
| Von Thunen model — what is it? | A model that places farm types in rings around one market based on transport cost and perishability. It helps predict which land uses locate near cities and which are farther away. |
| Agribusiness — what is it? | An industrial food production system linking farm inputs, growing, processing, distribution, and sales. It explains vertical integration and the global reach of modern food supply chains. |
| Third Agricultural Revolution — what is it? | Modern shift to high-input, highly mechanized farming that accelerated after World War II and includes biotech and global distribution. It helps explain rising yields, falling farm labor needs, and the spread of uniform commercial farming systems. |
| Primogeniture — what is it? | A land inheritance system in which the entire farm passes to one heir, usually the eldest child. It helps explain larger intact farms and the out-migration of younger heirs. |
| Land rent — what is it? | The amount a farmer can pay for land based on expected profit from its location and use. It helps predict which crops can outbid others for sites close to cities or transport routes. |
| Food desert — what is it? | An area where many residents have limited access to affordable fresh and nutritious food. It helps explain why hunger and poor diet can persist even when food exists in a wider region. |
| Central place theory — what is it? | Christaller's theory that settlements are spaced to supply goods and services to surrounding hinterlands efficiently. It helps explain hexagonal market areas and why larger places offer higher-order services. |
| Human Development Index — what is it? | A composite measure of development based on life expectancy, education, and income. It helps compare well-being more broadly than income alone. |
| Weber's least-cost theory — what is it? | A theory that firms choose locations that minimize transport, labor, and agglomeration costs. It helps predict where manufacturing plants will locate relative to inputs, markets, and workers. |
| Hinterland — what is it? | The surrounding area from which a city or service center draws customers, labor, or goods. It helps identify which settlements depend on a place for markets, jobs, or services. |
| Dependency theory — what is it? | A theory arguing that poorer countries can stay underdeveloped because the global economy channels value toward richer ones. It helps explain why trade and investment do not always narrow development gaps. |
| Settlement hierarchy — what is it? | A ranking of settlements by size and by the level of goods and services they provide. It helps explain why rare services cluster in bigger places while common services appear almost everywhere. |
| Purchasing power parity — what is it? | A way to compare currencies by what they can actually buy locally instead of by exchange rates alone. It makes cross-country living standard comparisons more realistic. |
| Industrial inertia — what is it? | The tendency of an industry to remain in a location even after the original advantages have weakened. It explains why old manufacturing regions can persist and then suffer concentrated losses when plants close. |
이 덱 소개
AP Human Geography gets slippery when the vocabulary sounds familiar but the exam asks you to use it precisely. You may recognize a term like reference map or superimposed boundary, then freeze when you have to explain what it does in an argument and tie it to a real case. That gap between recognition and application is where most review breaks down. This deck gives you 300 cards split into thinking-geographically (40), population-and-migration (50), culture-and-language (45), political-geography (45), agriculture-and-rural (55), and cities-and-development (65). Each card centers on a single term, and every back follows the same cut: Meaning / Why it matters / Example. That keeps the definition next to the use case, whether the term is about maps and data, diffusion and regions, density, migration policy, cultural landscape, language change, religion, political borders, agriculture, industry, or urban development. On a spaced-repetition schedule, the terms you can define and apply stop coming back, while the ones you blur together keep returning until the distinction sticks. That matters here because free-response questions reward application, not just recall, so the Example line carries as much weight as the definition. The deck leaves out long textbook summaries and full prompt practice by choice; it stays focused on precise terms you can actually use.
자주 묻는 질문
- Does this deck cover the course broadly, or mostly maps and population?
- It covers the course arc from thinking-geographically through cities-and-development, not just map skills and demography. The split is thinking-geographically (40), population-and-migration (50), culture-and-language (45), political-geography (45), agriculture-and-rural (55), and cities-and-development (65).
- Why does every card use Meaning / Why it matters / Example instead of only a definition?
- Because AP Human Geography terms are rarely tested as pure definitions. Studying Meaning with Why it matters and Example trains you to move from a label to an explanation you can actually use in a free-response answer.
- What kind of examples are on the cards in this deck?
- They are tied to real places and models. The deck uses cases like a road atlas of France for reference map, Nigeria's colonial borders for superimposed boundary, and copper processing near Chuquicamata for material index in Weber's model.
- Can I import the whole deck on the free plan?
- Yes. Importing a saved deck runs no new AI generation and does not use your AI allowance, so the free plan imports all 300 cards. You can study, edit and delete them afterwards.
- Will importing it twice create duplicates?
- No. Cards you already have are skipped and only cards added in a revision come through. Including re-imports after deleting it, one official deck can be imported three times per account.
- Can I use it on the web and in the mobile app?
- Yes. The deck is added to your account rather than to a device, so the same cards and the same progress are there on the web, on iOS and on Android.
- Can I edit the cards after importing?
- Yes. Imported cards are yours: you can edit both sides, delete cards you do not need, change tags, and move cards to another deck.
No official exam questions are reproduced. Every card was written for this deck.Advanced Placement is a trademark of College Board. This deck is not produced, endorsed or approved by College Board.Editorial reference date 2026-08-30.