Free AP US History Key Terms: 300 APUSH Flashcards
In APUSH, knowing the label is the easy part; explaining the change is the work.
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| 表 | 裏 |
|---|---|
| Columbian Exchange | Meaning: The Columbian Exchange was the Atlantic transfer of crops, animals, diseases, and people after European contact. Why it matters: It reshaped population, labor, diet, and ecology in both hemispheres. Example: Smallpox outbreaks among Native peoples. |
| Stamp Act | Meaning: The Stamp Act imposed a direct tax on printed paper in the colonies. Why it matters: It sparked organized protest and the cry against taxation without representation. Example: Stamp Act Congress. |
| Articles of Confederation | Meaning: The Articles of Confederation created the first U.S. national government with weak central powers. Why it matters: Its limits convinced many leaders that a stronger federal system was needed. Example: Shays's Rebellion. |
| Pueblo Revolt | Meaning: A 1680 uprising by Pueblo peoples that drove the Spanish out of New Mexico for about twelve years. Why it matters: It proved Native resistance could disrupt colonization and pushed Spain to rule the region less harshly after returning. Example: Popé. |
| Iroquois Confederacy | Meaning: An alliance of Native nations in the Northeast that used diplomacy and war to defend its interests. Why it matters: It shaped the balance of power among Britain, France, and Native peoples in the interior. Example: The Covenant Chain. |
| Townshend Acts | Meaning: Parliamentary duties on imported goods such as glass, lead, paint, paper, and tea. Why it matters: They revived resistance and encouraged nonimportation and wider colonial cooperation. Example: Letters from a Farmer in Pennsylvania. |
| Constitutional Convention | Meaning: The Philadelphia meeting that drafted a new national framework instead of revising the Articles. Why it matters: It produced the Constitution and increased the power of the national government. Example: George Washington. |
| Marbury v. Madison | Meaning: A Supreme Court case that established judicial review, the power to strike down unconstitutional federal laws. Why it matters: It made the Court a coequal branch able to shape national policy. Example: John Marshall. |
| Marshall Court | Meaning: The Marshall Court was the Supreme Court under Chief Justice John Marshall, noted for broad readings of federal power. Why it matters: It strengthened national authority and supported a stable legal climate for commerce and contracts. Example: John Marshall. |
| Panic of 1819 | Meaning: The first major U.S. financial depression, caused by tight credit, falling crop prices, and a collapse in land speculation. Why it matters: It increased distrust of banks and elites and sharpened arguments over how active the national government should be in the economy. Example: The Second Bank called in many western loans. |
| Positive good theory | Meaning: Proslavery claim that slavery benefited southern society and supposedly protected and civilized enslaved people. Why it matters: It turned slavery from a tolerated evil into a cause to defend and expand, making sectional compromise harder. Example: John C. Calhoun. |
| Fugitive Slave Act | Meaning: Federal law that forced officials and citizens to aid in capturing runaways and denied accused fugitives jury trials. Why it matters: It nationalized slave catching and pushed many northerners from indifference toward resistance. Example: Anthony Burns. |
| Secession | Meaning: A state's declared withdrawal from the Union and rejection of federal authority. Why it matters: It destroyed the existing political union and led southern states to form the Confederacy. Example: South Carolina. |
| Paternalism | Meaning: A proslavery belief that masters acted as protectors over enslaved people, who were cast as dependent and childlike. Why it matters: It defended slavery as humane and natural, helping slaveholders answer abolitionist criticism. Example: George Fitzhugh argued that enslavers cared for dependents better than Northern employers did. |
| Border states | Meaning: Slave states that stayed in the Union during the Civil War. Why it matters: Keeping them denied the Confederacy key resources and shaped Lincoln's early caution on slavery. Example: Maryland remained in the Union. |
| Copperheads | Meaning: Northern Democrats who opposed Lincoln's war policies and favored a negotiated peace with the Confederacy. Why it matters: They show that the Union faced strong internal dissent during the war, not just military resistance from the South. Example: Clement Vallandigham |
| Vertical integration | Meaning: A business strategy in which one company controls several stages of production and distribution. Why it matters: It helped giant firms lower costs and dominate markets, fueling concern over concentrated corporate power. Example: Carnegie Steel. |
| New Immigrants | Meaning: Immigrants mainly from southern and eastern Europe who arrived in large numbers after 1880. Why it matters: They reshaped urban America and fueled nativism and demands for immigration restriction. Example: Ellis Island. |
| Dawes Act | Meaning: A law that divided tribal land into individual allotments and opened the rest to white settlement. Why it matters: It aimed at assimilation and caused Native communities to lose large amounts of land. Example: Henry L. Dawes. |
| Bessemer process | Meaning: The Bessemer process was a steelmaking method that blew air through molten iron to remove impurities quickly. Why it matters: It made cheap mass steel possible, fueling railroads, skyscrapers, and factory expansion. Example: Andrew Carnegie used Bessemer steel to build a giant steel empire. |
| Haymarket affair | Meaning: The Haymarket affair was a Chicago labor rally that turned deadly after a bomb exploded and police fired. Why it matters: It made many Americans link labor radicalism with violence and weakened support for unions. Example: Albert Parsons was tried after the Haymarket bombing. |
| Wounded Knee | Meaning: Wounded Knee was the massacre of Lakota people by U.S. troops after tensions around the Ghost Dance. Why it matters: It symbolized the violent end of armed Native resistance on the Great Plains. Example: The 7th Cavalry carried out the killings at Wounded Knee. |
| Platt Amendment | Meaning: The Platt Amendment set conditions on Cuban independence and gave the United States the right to intervene there. Why it matters: It showed that U.S. victory over Spain created informal empire, not full Cuban sovereignty. Example: It supported creation of the U.S. naval base at Guantanamo Bay. |
| Dust Bowl | Meaning: A series of severe dust storms on the Great Plains caused by drought and overfarming. Why it matters: It devastated farm families and intensified migration during the Depression. Example: Dorothea Lange. |
| containment | Meaning: A foreign policy aimed at stopping the spread of communism rather than overturning it everywhere by force. Why it matters: It guided US actions across Europe, Asia, and later the developing world. Example: George F. Kennan. |
| Bonus Army | Meaning: The Bonus Army was a group of World War I veterans who demanded early payment of promised bonuses during the Depression. Why it matters: Their treatment hurt Hoover politically and deepened public anger at federal inaction. Example: General Douglas MacArthur helped clear the veterans' camp in Washington. |
| Berlin Airlift | Meaning: The Berlin Airlift was the American and British effort to supply West Berlin by air after a Soviet blockade. Why it matters: It showed U.S. resolve to resist Soviet pressure without direct war. Example: Operation Vittles was the U.S. airlift effort. |
| détente | Meaning: A period of eased tensions and negotiation between the United States and the Soviet Union. Why it matters: It showed Cold War rivalry could be managed through arms control and diplomacy. Example: SALT I. |
| My Lai Massacre | Meaning: The My Lai Massacre was the 1968 killing of Vietnamese civilians by U.S. soldiers in a South Vietnamese village. Why it matters: It deepened public distrust of the war and strengthened claims that U.S. tactics had become immoral and brutal. Example: Lt. William Calley was convicted for his role. |
| INF Treaty | Meaning: The INF Treaty was a 1987 U.S.-Soviet agreement that eliminated intermediate-range nuclear missiles. Why it matters: It marked a major easing of Cold War tensions and showed that Reagan and Gorbachev could reach real arms limits. Example: Ronald Reagan and Mikhail Gorbachev signed it in Washington. |
このデッキについて
APUSH terms pile up fast, then start to blur together. You may recognize Columbian Exchange, Carpetbaggers, or Bush v. Gore on sight, then freeze when you have to explain what changed, why it mattered, and how to use the term in a short answer or essay. This deck gives you 300 cards split into colonial-and-revolution (55), early-republic-and-expansion (60), civil-war-and-reconstruction (45), gilded-age-and-progressive (55), depression-war-and-cold-war (50), and modern-america (35). Each card covers a single term, and every back uses the same fields: Meaning, Why it matters, and Example. The cuts follow the course's chronological flow, so you can study by period without losing the links between politics, labor, empire, reform, war, and federal power. On a spaced-repetition schedule, the terms you can explain cleanly stop showing up, while the ones you still mix up keep coming back until you can say more than a label. This deck leaves out long source excerpts and full event summaries on purpose. The point is to make significance and usable evidence automatic, because APUSH rewards being able to say what a term changed, not just when it happened.
よくある質問
- How is this deck split across the course?
- It is divided into colonial-and-revolution (55), early-republic-and-expansion (60), civil-war-and-reconstruction (45), gilded-age-and-progressive (55), depression-war-and-cold-war (50), and modern-america (35).
- What do the backs of these APUSH cards look like?
- Every card uses the same back fields: Meaning, Why it matters, and Example. That format trains you to define the term, explain its significance, and attach it to something concrete you can use in writing.
- Why does the deck include terms as far apart as Columbian Exchange, Carpetbaggers, and Bush v. Gore?
- Because APUSH is easiest to remember when you study change across the full course instead of treating each period as sealed off. Keeping the same card format from colonization through modern America makes comparison much easier.
- Can I import the whole deck on the free plan?
- Yes. Importing a saved deck runs no new AI generation and spends no AI credits, so the free plan imports all 300 cards. You can study, edit and delete them afterwards.
- Will importing it twice create duplicates?
- No. Cards you already have are skipped and only cards added in a revision come through. Including re-imports after deleting it, one official deck can be imported three times per account.
- Can I use it on the web and in the mobile app?
- Yes. The deck is added to your account rather than to a device, so the same cards and the same progress are there on the web, on iOS and on Android.
- Can I edit the cards after importing?
- Yes. Imported cards are yours: you can edit both sides, delete cards you do not need, change tags, and move cards to another deck.
No official exam questions are reproduced. Every card was written for this deck.Advanced Placement is a trademark of College Board. This deck is not produced, endorsed or approved by College Board.Editorial reference date 2026-08-30.